White-tailed Deer

Scientific Name: Odocoileus virginianus
Classification: Game Species
Abundance: Common throughout state

Species Profile (PDF)

     
No wild animal in North Carolina is as recognizable as the white-tailed deer. Whether a mature buck with splendid antlers, a graceful doe or a spotted fawn running with its mother, the white-tailed deer is one of the most popular of animals. A deer’s coat is usually a tannish brown, or some shade of brown, ranging almost to gray. It usually has a white patch on its neck and large prominent ears. Its eyes are circled with white and a white band rings the muzzle. The belly is white, with white running down the inside of the legs. The tail, about 9 to 11 inches long, is mostly brown although the underside is all white. The hooves have two toes covered with a hard fingernail-like material, and another toe, called the dew claw, appears about 3 inches high on the back of each leg. Bucks, or male deer, grow and shed their antlers each year. Antlers range in size from little spikes that protrude from the skin, to larger “racks” that branch out to a variable number of points. The white-tailed deer is a herbivorous animal. It will eat many green-leaved succulent plants and the tender new growths of stems and fruits. One of their most important food sources is acorns. White-tailed deer also forage on a variety of agricultural crops. Deer are so adaptable that they are found in almost any type of habitat. They like creek and river bottoms, oak ridges, pine forests, farmlands or any other type of habitat that offers food, water and cover

North Carolina’s population of white-tailed deer is estimated at 1.1 million animals. The state had a growing population of white-tailed deer until either-sex seasons were liberalized in the early 1990s. This liberalization of either-sex seasons across most areas of the state allowed for increased opportunity for sportsmen/women to harvest antlerless deer. The population trend of our state’s deer herd quickly stabilized and has actually started to decrease for most areas of the state. However, there are areas throughout the state where localized populations continue to increase. Those areas where populations are rapidly increasing are typically urban/suburban areas where the utilization of hunting as a management tool has been greatly hindered.

It is estimated that only 10,000 deer inhabited the state in 1900. North Carolina's major efforts to restore our state's deer resource took place in the 1940s through the 1970s. Our state's restoration program was responsible for stocking approximately 4,000 deer throughout the state.

The cost of our state's white-tailed deer restoration program has been conservatively estimated at $1.2 million (in 1950-1970 dollars). Today, North Carolina sportsmen/women spend approximately $311 million on deer-related hunting expenses every year.

More people hunt white-tailed deer than any other game species in North Carolina. Each year approximately 250,000 sportsmen/women take more than 2.9 million trips afield in pursuit of deer.

Be sure to visit the Publications page for more information about the white-tailed deer and wildlife habitat in North Carolina!

2010-11 Harvest Survey of North Carolina Hunters (PDF 102 KB)

Reported Deer Harvest By County Statistics

By Year

By Game Land

By Urban Archery

By Use of Dog

By Weapon Type

 

2011-12

2010-11 

2009-10 

2008-09 

2007-08

2006-07

2005-06 

2004-05

2003-04 

1976-2011 

 

 

2011-12

2010-11 

 

 

2012

2011 

2010 

2009 

2008 


 

 

2011-12

2010-11 

 

 

2011-12

2010-11

 

 

NOTE: All files are in PDF format. You will need Adobe Reader® to read reports.
If you don't have Reader, use this link to get the latest version.

2010-11 Harvest Survey of North Carolina Hunters (PDF 102 KB)

Wild Turkey Harvest Summaries

Spring Harvest Summaries
By Year

Spring Harvest Summaries
By Game
Land

Spring Harvest Summaries
By Weapon
Type

Spring Harvest Summaries
By Youth
Hunt Only

Winter Harvest
Summaries
by Year

Summer
Observation
Survey

 

2011
2010
2009
2008
2007
2006
2005
2004
2003
1977-2010 Summary

 
2011 
2010 
2009 
 
 
2011 
2010 
2009 
 
 
 
NOTE: All files are in PDF format. You will need Acrobat® Reader to read reports.
If you don't have Reader, use this link to get the latest version.

Deer Management Assistance Program

Application Instructions:

Please thoroughly read the following information before completing your application for the Deer Management Assistance Program (DMAP):

1.Issuance of DMAP tags is subject to an evaluation by the Private Lands Biologist of herd status and landowner objectives for the property.

2. Applicants enrolling properties under the Eastern Deer Season or Central Deer Season must own or control exclusive hunting rights on a minimum of 1,000 contiguous acres of land. Applicants enrolling properties under the Western Deer Season or Northwestern Deer Season must own or control exclusive hunting rights on a minimum of 500 contiguous acres of land. Adjoining landowners may combine their properties to meet the minimum acreage requirement.

3. Applicants shall provide information on the number and sex of deer harvested from the area in the past three years.

4. Applicants shall agree to validate and report antlered buck harvests during the open deer season as described in the regulations pertaining to reporting Big Game kills. Antlered bucks shall count as part of the daily bag, possession, and season limit of the person taking the deer.

5. Applicants shall agree that harvests of antlerless deer during the entire season (including primitive weapons seasons) will not exceed the number of deer specified on the authorization by the Executive Director or his designee. Antlerless deer taken on the property do not count as part of the daily bag, possession, and season limit of the person taking the deer.

6. Applicants shall agree to tag each antlerless deer killed during the archery, muzzleloader, and gun deer seasons with a special tag and to report all kills on the Big Game Harvest Record Sheets, both of which will be supplied by the Commission. To properly record antlerless deer kills on the Big Game Harvest Record sheets, the Harvest Identification Number will consist of the applicant’s WRC Customer Number followed by the DMAP identifying number “18.” DMAP harvest authorization numbers for antlerless deer should not be recorded on the applicant’s Big Game Harvest Report Card (tags). However, authorization numbers for DMAP antlerless harvests should be recorded on a separate sheet of paper and maintained by the hunter. Antlered buck harvests must be recorded following standard registration procedures.

7. Applicants shall agree to assist the Commission in the collection of information from all harvested deer (for example, jawbones, weights and antler characteristics) and record the data on harvest datasheets supplied by the Commission.

8. Applicants shall agree to return Big Game Harvest Record Sheets by mail to the Commission and forward jawbones and datasheets directly to the local wildlife biologist within 15 days of the close of the season.

The failure of an applicant to meet or comply with the above guidelines will result in denial of the authorization for use of the DMAP tags for the current or future years, whichever is applicable.

Applications must be received by August 1 and be accompanied by a check or money order for $50.00 made payable to the North Carolina Wildlife Resources Commission. This fee is a processing fee and is nonrefundable.


DMAP Application Form (pdf)

DMAP Participant Instructions (pdf)

Harvest Data Form & Instructions (pdf)

 Species Seasons/Limits   Safety License  Local Laws   Harvest Statistics Distribution 
Black Bear  Bear Season/Limits  Laws/Safety  Buy License Local Laws

 Harvest Data

 

1971 - 2010

 

Deer

 Deer Season/Limits

 Laws/Safety

 Buy License

 Local Laws

 Harvest Data

 2010 Distribution Map

 2005 Distribution Map

 Wild Turkey

 Turkey Season/Limits

 Laws/Safety

 Buy License

 Local Laws

  Harvest Data

2010 Distribution Map 

2005 Distribution Map

 

 

 Species Seasons/Limits   Safety License  Local Laws 

RACCOON

 Season/Limts  Laws/Safety
 Buy License  Local Laws
OPOSSUM   Season/Limts Laws/Safety
Buy License
Local Laws
 SQUIRREL Season/Limits  Laws/Safety
Buy License
 Local Laws
 RABBIT Season/Limits  Laws/Safety
Buy License
 Local Laws
 QUAIL  Season/Limits
 Laws/Safety
Buy License
 Local Laws
 GROUSE Season/Limits
 Laws/Safety
Buy License
 Local Laws
 BOBCAT  Season/Limits
 Laws/Safety
Buy License
 Local Laws
 GROUNDHOG Season/Limits
 Laws/Safety
Buy License
 Local Laws
 NUTRIA Season/Limits  Laws/Safety
Buy License
 Local Laws
 COYOTE Season/Limits  Laws/Safety
Buy License
 Local Laws
 SKUNK (striped)  Season/Limits
 Laws/Safety
Buy License
Local Laws
 ARMADILLO Season/Limits
Laws/Safety  Buy License
Local Laws
 PHEASANT  Season/Limits
Laws/Safety
Buy License
Local Laws
 FOX  Season/Limits
 Laws/Safety
Buy License
Local Laws
 EXTENDED SEASON FOR TAKE BY FALCONRY Season/Limits
 Laws/Safety
Buy License
 Local Laws
 BEAVER  Season/Limits
 Laws/Safety
Buy License
Local Laws
CONTROLLED HUNTING PRESERVES  Season/Limits
 Laws/Safety
Buy License
 Local Laws


There are nine species of resident small game in North Carolina including, three species of rabbits (Eastern cottontail, Appalachian cottontail, and marsh rabbit), three squirrels (fox, red and gray squirrels) and three birds (quail, grouse and pheasants). Many differences exist between the species including their distributions, abundances, and future conservation challenges. Information about other types of small game species, including woodcock, doves, groundhogs, etc., can be found in other parts of this website.

Habitat changes over the past 40-50 years have presented the greatest challenge to management, and for the most part, have been detrimental to small game. Conservation challenges include urban growth, habitat fragmentation, exotic plants and insects, incompatible farming and forestry practices, and unchecked forest succession. Currently, undisturbed maturing forest conditions are beneficial for most squirrel species. However, habitats are deteriorating for bobwhite quail and grouse which are dependent upon early successional conditions. Remnant populations of pheasants, a non-native gamebird, also continue to decline on the Outer Banks where larger populations once existed.

In situations where habitat is created for these species, small game populations are often quick to respond due to their high reproductive rates and ability to colonize new areas. To address recent declines of these species dependent on early successional habitat, the Wildlife Resource commission has developed programs such as the CURE (Cooperative Upland Habitat Restoration and Enhancement) program.

Many people hunt small game species in North Carolina. Each year approximately 150,000 sportsmen/ sportswomen take more than 1.0 million trips afield in pursuit of resident small game species. Based on a survey of hunters during a recent hunting season, it was estimated that hunters harvested approximately 8,750 grouse, 230,000 quail, 382,500 rabbits, and 482,000 squirrels in North Carolina 


North Carolina has long been known for the diversity and numbers of waterfowl which breed or spend the winter in the Tarheel state. It is just as well known for its rich waterfowling traditions as exhibited in its decoy art. Hundreds of miles of coastal marshes, coastal and inland swamps, small ponds and large lakes host a great diversity of waterfowl species.  

2011-12 General Restrictions  (PDF) 

2011-12 Webless Migratory Birds and Early Season Waterfowl(Canada Geese, Dove, Rails, Woodcock, etc..) (PDF)  

2011-12 Regular Season Waterfowl Occurring After September 30 (Ducks, Geese, Swan) (PDF) 

2011-12 North Carolina Goose Zones Map (PDF) 

Waterfowl Additional Information

This section contains information regarding migratory game birds other than waterfowl.  Among others, these include doves, woodcock, rails and snipe.  North Carolina has abundant opportunities to pursue these species and dove hunting is extremely popular throughout the state.  North Carolina typically ranks in the top 10 states for annual harvest of mourning doves.  Hunting pressure for woodcock and snipe is typically much lower but these birds can be found throughout the state where suitable habitat exists.  Hunting for rails can occur anywhere along the immediate coast with higher success in the southeastern portion of the state.

2011-12 Webless Migratory Birds and Early Season Waterfowl (Canada Geese, Dove, Rails, Woodcock, etc..) (PDF) 

2011-12 Extended Falconry Seasons (PDF) 

Additional Webless Migratory Game Bird Information – doves, woodcock, snipe and rails